Voiced palatal plosive

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IPA – number	108
IPA – text	ɟ
IPA – image
Entity	ɟ
X-SAMPA	`J\`
Kirshenbaum	`J`
Sound sample (help·info)

The voiced palatal plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɟ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is J\. The IPA symbol can be considered either a lowercase dotless j with a stroke or a turned lowercase letter f.

There are few languages with true palatal plosives. More commonly, the symbol <[ɟ]> is used to represent a palatalized or fronted voiced velar plosive, a voiced alveolopalatal affricate, or a voiced postalveolar affricate (for example in the Indic languages). This may be considered appropriate when the place of articulation needs to be specified, but the distinction between stop and affricate is not contrastive, and therefore of secondary importance.

1 Features
2 Occurrence
3 See also
4 References
5 Bibliography

Features

Features of the voiced palatal plosive:

Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract. However, there is a tendency for this sound to become a voiced postalveolar affricate.
Its place of articulation is palatal which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate.
Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Albanian		gjuha	[ˈɟuha]	'tongue'
Arabic^[1]	Sudanese	example needed	--	--	Some dialects; corresponds to /dʒ/ in other varieties. See Arabic phonology
Arabic^[1]	Yemeni	example needed	--	--
Asu		[mbuɟi]		'goat'
Basque		anddere	[aɲɟeɾe]	'doll'
Catalan	Majorcan^[2]	example needed	--	--	Corresponds to /g/ in other varieties. See Catalan phonology
Czech		dělám	[ɟɛlaːm]	'I do'	See Czech phonology
Dinka		jir	[ɟir]	'blunt'
Greek		μετάγγιση	[me̞ˈtaɲɟisi]	'transfusion	See Modern Greek phonology
Hungarian		gyám	[ɟaːm]	'guardian'	See Hungarian phonology
Irish		Gaeilge	[ˈgeːlʲɟə]	'Gaelic'	See Irish phonology
Latvian		ģimene	[ˈɟimene]	'family'
Macedonian		раѓање	[ˈraɟaɲɛ]	'birth'
Norwegian	northern dialects	fadder	[fɑɟːeɾ]	'godparent'	See Norwegian phonology
Occitan	Auvergnat	diguèt	[ɟiˈgɛ]	'said' (3rd pers. sing.)
Occitan	Limousin	dissèt	[ɟiˈʃɛ]	'said' (3rd pers. sing.)
Slovak		ďaleký	[ˈɟaʎɛkiː]	'far'
Turkish		güneş	[ɟyˈneʃ]	'sun'	See Turkish phonology

References

^ Watson (2002:16)
^ Recasens & Espinosa (2005:1)

Bibliography

Recasens, Daniel & Aina Espinosa (2005), "Articulatory, positional and coarticulatory characteristics for clear /l/ and dark /l/: evidence from two Catalan dialects", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35 (1): 1-25
Watson, Janet (2002), written at New York, The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic, Oxford University Press

v • d • e

Consonants

List · Table

Pulmonics

Non-pulmonics and other symbols [edit • talk]

Clicks

Impl.

Eject.

Affr.

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Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.